| [/graund; ɡraʊnd/] n 用法:
1 the ground [sing] solid surface of the earth (esp contrasted with the air above) 地面（尤指与空中相对）:
sit on the ground 坐在地上 *
He slipped off the ladder and fell to the ground. 他从梯子上滑了下来摔在地上. *
The aircraft hadn't enough power to get off the ground, ie take off. 那架飞机的升空动力不足. *
[attrib 作定语] at ground level 在地平面. 用法:
2 [U] (a) area or distance on the earth's surface; land 地面上的区域或距离; 土地:
have more ground than one's next-door neighbour 土地比邻居的多 *
buy up some ground for building on 购置地皮以供建筑之用 *
The land near the border is disputed ground. 靠近边界的土地是有争议的地区. *
measure the ground between two points 测量地面上两点间的距离.
(b) soil; earth 泥土; 土地:
solid, marshy, stony, etc ground 坚硬的土地、 沼泽地、 多石的地. =>Usage at earth 用法见earth. 用法:
3 (esp in compounds 尤用以构成复合词) (a) [C] piece of land (often with associated buildings) used for a particular purpose 场地:
a `football, `cricket, `sports, recre`ation ground *
a pa`rade-ground *
a `playground *
The cheers of the fans echoed round the ground as the team appeared. 球队刚一上场, 球迷的欢呼声立即响遍全场.
(b) grounds [pl] large area of land or sea used for the stated purpose （作某用途的）地域或水域:
`fishing, `hunting grounds 渔场、 猎场. 用法:
4 grounds [pl] land or gardens round a building, often enclosed with walls, hedges or fences 建筑物四周的土地或花园（常用墙或篱围起）; 庭园:
The house has extensive grounds. 这房子四周的庭园宽阔. *
the grounds of Buckingham Palace 白金汉宫的花园. 用法:
5 [U] (fig 比喻) area of interest, discussion, etc 兴趣、 讨论等的范围:
They managed to cover quite a lot of ground in a short programme. 他们设法在一个短小的节目中包罗了多方面的内容. *
go over the same ground, ie discuss a familiar topic 讨论熟悉的题目 *
trying to find some common ground between the two sides, ie points on which they can agree 努力找出双方一致之处 *
You're on dangerous ground when you criticize his daughter, ie because he will react angrily. 你批评他的女儿就要惹出是非了（因为他生气）. 用法:
6 [C esp pl 尤作复数] ~ (for sth/doing sth/to do sth) reason(s) or justification for saying, doing or believing sth 说、 做或相信某事的原因或理由:
You have no grounds for complaint/for complaining. 你没有抱怨的理由. *
If you continue to behave like this you will give them/provide them with grounds for dismissing you. 你照这样下去就让他们找到辞退你的理由了. *
Desertion is a ground (ie legally sufficient reason) for divorce. 被配偶遗弃是离婚的充足理由. *
They had no grounds to arrest him. 他们没有理由逮捕他. *
I had to retire on medical grounds/on the grounds of ill health, ie because I was ill. 我因健康的缘故不得已才退休了. *
Her claim was disallowed on the ground(s) that she had not paid her premium. 她要求赔款遭到拒绝, 原因是她事先没有交纳保险费. *
On what grounds do you make that accusation? 你根据什麽提出那项控告? =>Usage at reason1 用法见reason1. 用法:
7 [C] surface on which a design is painted, printed, cut, etc; undecorated part; background （印刷、 雕刻等的）版面, 底子; 背景:
a design of pink roses on a white ground 白底粉红玫瑰的花样. 用法:
8 [U] bottom of the sea 海底:
The ship touched ground a few yards from the shore. 船在距海岸几码处搁浅了. 用法:
9 grounds [pl] ground coffee beans after they have been brewed 烘烤後再磨碎的咖啡豆. 用法:
10 (idm 习语) above `ground above the surface of the earth 地面之上; 地上. be on firm ground => firm1. below `ground beneath the surface of the earth 地面之下; 地下:
Their missile silos are below ground. 他们的导弹发射井在地下. break fresh/new `ground introduce or discover a new method, system, etc; innovate 引进或发现新方法、 制度等; 改革; 革新. cut the ground from under sb's `feet spoil sb's plan, argument, defence, etc by anticipating it （预先采取措施）破坏某人的计画、 论据、 答辩等; 挖墙脚; 拆台. forbidden ground => forbid. gain/make up ground (on sb/sth) get gradually closer to sb/sth going in the same direction as oneself 逐渐追及某人[某事物]:
The police car was gaining ground on the robbers. 警车逐渐追上劫匪. *
(fig 比喻) How can we make up ground on our competitors? 我们怎样才能赶上竞争对手? get off the `ground (of activities, enterprises, etc) make a successful start （指活动、 事业等）顺利开始. give/lose `ground (to sb/sth) (a) retreat 撤退.
(b) get gradually less far ahead of sb/sth going in the same direction 被追上来的某人[某事物]逐渐赶上:
The leader is losing ground as the rest of the runners accelerate. 领先者在其余赛跑者加速时就逐渐失去了优势. *
(fig 比喻) The gas lamp gradually lost ground to (ie was replaced by) electric lighting. 电灯逐步取代了煤气灯. go/run to earth/ground => earth. have/keep a/one's ear to the ground => ear1. have, etc one's/both feet on the ground => foot1. hold/keep/stand one's `ground maintain one's claim, intention, argument, etc; not yield or give way 坚持主张、 意图、 论点等; 不屈服; 不让步. keep both/one's feet on the ground => foot. on the `ground amongst ordinary people 在普通人中:
There's a lot of support for our policies on the ground. 我们的政策在一般群众中得到普遍拥护. prepare the ground (for sth) make the development of sth possible or easier 使某事物能够或容易发展:
Early experiments with military rockets prepared the ground for space travel. 早年对军用火箭进行的实验为发展航天技术奠定了基础. run sb/sth into the `ground (infml) wear sb/sth out completely; exhaust sb/sth 使某人精疲力竭; 耗尽某物:
By working 13 hours a day she is running herself into the ground. 她一天工作13小时, 眼看就要累垮了. *
Unable to afford a new car, we had to run the old one into the ground. 我们因为买不起新汽车, 只得把那辆旧的用坏为止. shift/change one's `ground change the basis of one's argument, claim, etc 改变论点、 主张等的依据; 改变观点:
Just when you think you've proved him wrong, he shifts his ground. 你刚以为你已经证实他错了, 他就改变观点了. suit sb down to the ground => suit2. thinon the ground => thin. to the `ground (of destroying,demolishing, etc) completely; utterly （指毁坏、 拆除等）全部, 完全:
The building was burned to the ground. 该建筑物已全部焚毁. ground 2
[/graund; ɡraʊnd/] v 用法:
1 (a) [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) (in/on sth) (of a ship) touch the sea bottom; cause (a ship) to do this （指船）触海底, 搁浅; 使（船）触海底、 搁浅:
Our ship grounded in shallow water/on a sandbank. 我们的船在浅水中[在沙滩上]搁浅.
(b) [Tn esp passive 尤用於被动语态] require or force (an aircraft) to stay on the ground 要求或迫使（飞行器）停留在地面; 停飞:
All aircraft at London Airport were grounded by fog today. 因今天有雾, 伦敦机场的所有飞机都被迫停飞. 用法:
2 [Tn] (esp US) = earth v. 用法:
3 (idm 习语) ground arms (of soldiers) lay (esp rifles) on the ground （指士兵）将（尤指步枪）放在地上; 放下武器. 用法:
4 (phr v) ground sb in sth give sb good teaching or basic training in (a subject) （在某学科上）给某人良好的教导或基本训练:
She grounded her pupils well in arithmetic. 她给自己的学生打下良好的算术基础. ground sth on sth base beliefs, etc on sth 将信仰等建立於某事物的基础上:
ground one's arguments on facts 以事实为根据来立论 *
a well-grounded theory 有坚实基础的理论. ground 3
pt, pp of grind:
ground rice, ie reduced to a fine powder 米粉 *
ground glass, ie made non-transparent by rubbing the surface to make it rough 毛玻璃. |