| [/ˈrefərəns; ˋrɛfərəns/] n 用法:
1 ~ (to sb/sth) (a) [U] act of referring (refer 1a) to sb/sth 提到; 说到; 涉及:
Avoid (making) any reference to his illness. 千万别提起他的病. *
The original text is here for ease of reference. 谨附原文以便查考.
(b) [C] statement, etc speaking of or mentioning sb/sth; allusion 说到或提到某人[某事物]的言语或文字等; 暗示:
He made pointed (ie obvious) references to the recent scandal. 他有针对性地提到最近的丑闻. *
The book is full of references to places I know. 这本书里提到许多我熟悉的地方. 用法:
2 [C] ~ (to sb/sth) note, etc telling a reader in what other book, article, etc information may be found; book, passage, etc referred to in this way or as an authority （向读者指示参考书、 文章等的）附注, 旁注; （做此种用途的）书, 章节:
a thesis crowded with references to other sources 有旁徵博引附注的论文 *
check your references 要核对引证的资料 *
cite Green 1986 as a reference 引用1986年格林的论述作参考资料. 用法:
3 [C] (abbr 缩写 ref) (commerce 商) (on letters, etc) means of identification （书信等的）编号:
Please quote our reference when replying. 回信时请注明我方函件编号. 用法:
4 [C] (person willing to make a) statement about a person's character or abilities （有关某人品格或能力的）证明文书, 介绍信; 证明人:
quote sb/sb's name as a reference 提出某人[某人的名字]做可咨询的证明人 *
provide a reference for sb 为某人出具证明 *
supply sb with a reference 向某人提供愿做证明的人 *
She has excellent references from former employers. 她持有以前的雇主写的很好的证明书. *
a banker's reference, ie a note from one's bank saying that one's financial position is sound 银行证明（证明某人财务状况良好）. Cf 参看 testimonial 1. 用法:
5 (idm 习语) bear/have some/no reference to sth (not) be connected with sth 与某事物有关[无关]:
This has no reference to what we were discussing. 这与我们讨论的问题无关. a frame of reference => frame1. in/with reference to sb/sth (esp commerce 尤用於商业) about or concerning sb/sth 关於某人[某事物]:
I am writing with reference to your job application. 敬覆者, 关於您申请工作一事. Cf 参看 terms of reference (term). without reference to sb/sth not taking account of sb/sth 不考虑某人[某事物]; 置某人[某事物]於不顾:
She issued all these invitations without any reference to her superiors. 她未请示上级擅自把所有这些请柬都发了出去. |