| [/skeɪl; skel/] n 用法:
1 [C] any of the thin overlapping plates of hard material covering the skin of many fish and reptiles 鳞; 鳞片:
scrape the scales from a herring 刮去鲱鱼的鳞. => illus at fish 见fish插图. 用法:
2 [C] thing resembling this, esp a loose flake of diseased skin 鳞状物; （尤指皮肤的）鳞屑. 用法:
3 [U] (a) (also esp Brit fur) chalky material deposited by hard water inside boilers, kettles, water-pipes, etc 水垢; 水 .
(b) tartar on teeth 牙垢. 用法:
4 (idm 习语) the scales fall from sb's `eyes someone suddenly realizes the truth after having been deceived 受骗後突然发觉真相; 发觉上当:
Then the scales fell from my eyes:
he had been lying all the time. 我恍然大悟:
他一直在撒谎. scale 2
v 用法:
1 [Tn] remove the scales from (fish) 刮（鱼）鳞. 用法:
2 (phr v) scale off (sth) come off in flakes 呈片状剥落或脱落:
paint/plaster scaling off (a wall) （墙壁）脱落下来的油漆[灰泥]. scale 3
[/skeɪl; skel/] n 用法:
1 [C] (a) series of marks at regular distances for the purpose of measuring (eg on a ruler or thermometer) 标度; 刻度:
This ruler has one scale in centimetres and another in inches. 这把尺上有厘米的刻度和英寸的刻度.
(b) measuring instrument marked in this way 有刻度的量具. 用法:
2 [C] system of units for measuring 量度制; 进位制:
the `decimal scale 十进制. 用法:
3 [C] system of grading people or things according to how big, important, rich, etc, they are 等级; 级别:
a scale of wages, taxation 工资、 税率的等级 *
a person who is high on the social scale 社会地位高的人 *
The salary scale goes from 8000 to 20000. 薪金级别为8000英镑至20000英镑. 用法:
4 [C] relation between the actual size of sth and the map, diagram, etc which represents it 比例; 比率:
a scale of ten kilometres to the centimetre, a scale of one to a million 一厘米代表十公里的比例、 一比一百万的比例 *
a large-scale map, ie one showing a relatively small area in detail 大比例的地图（较小范围的详图） *
Sheet maps use a much larger scale. 单张地图用的比例大得多. *
[attrib 作定语] a scale model, drawing, etc 成比例的模型、 图等. =>illus at map 见map插图. 用法:
5 [U, C] relative size, extent, etc 规模; 程度; 范围:
entertain on a large scale, eg hold expensive parties with many guests 举办大规模的招待会 *
The scale of his spending 50000 in a year amazed us all. 他开销之大--一年50000英镑--把我们都吓了一跳. *
We achieve economies of scale in production, ie Producing many items reduces the price of each one. 我们取得了大规模生产的经济效益. 用法:
6 [C] (music 音) series of notes arranged at fixed intervals in order of pitch, esp a series of eight starting on a keynote 音阶:
the scale of F, ie with F as the keynote F音阶 *
practise scales on the piano 练习弹奏钢琴的连续音阶. Cf 参看 octave 1. 用法:
7 (idm 习语) to scale in a fixed proportion to the actual size 按比例:
draw a map of an area to scale 按比例绘制某地的地图. scale 4
v (phr v) ~ sth down/up reduce/increase sth 缩减[增加]某事物:
We are going to scale down the number of trees being felled. 我们要减少砍伐的树的数量. *
We've scaled up production to meet demand. 我们已经扩大了生产以满足需求. scale 5
[/skeɪl; skel/] n 用法:
1 [C] either of the two pans on a balance 天平盘. 用法:
2 scales [pl v] balance or instrument for weighing 天平; 磅秤:
a pair of scales 一台天平 *
bathroom scales, ie for weighing oneself 浴室磅秤. =>illus 见插图. 用法:
3 (idm 习语) tip the balance/scale => tip2. tip/turn the scale(s) at sth (infml) weigh (a specified amount) 称得重量为（某量）:
The jockey turned the scales at 80 lb. 那赛马骑师体重为 80 磅. scale 6
v [In/pr] weigh (a specified amount) 称得重量为（某量）:
The boxer scaled 90 kilos. 那拳击手体重为 90 公斤. scale 7
[/skeɪl; skel/] v [Tn] climb up (a wall, cliff, etc) 攀登, 爬（墙、 悬崖等）. |