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单词	near
释义	adjective adverb preposition verb 🔑 nearBrE /nɪə(r)/NAmE /nɪr/ adjective (near·er, near·est) HELP In senses 1 to 4 near and nearer do not usually go before a noun; nearest can go either before or after a noun. 第 1 至第 4 义中，near 和 nearer 通常不用于名词前；nearest 可用于名词之前或之后。🔑 a short distance away 距离近；不远 SYN close2 ◆His house is very near. 他的房子就在附近。◆Where's the nearest bank? 最近的银行在哪儿？next / nearest (The) next means 'after this/that one' in time or in a series of events, places or people. * (the) next 指下一个时间、事情、地点或人：◆When is your next appointment? 你下一次预约时间是什么时候？◆Turn left at the next traffic lights. 在下一个红绿灯处向左拐。◆Who's next? 下一个是谁？(The) nearest means 'closest' in space. * (the) nearest 指空间上最近：◆Where's the nearest supermarket? 最近的超市在哪儿？ Notice the difference between the prepositions nearest to and next to. 注意介词 nearest to 和 next to 的区别：◆Janet's sitting nearest to the window(= of all the people in the room). 珍妮特坐在（屋里所有人中）离窗户最近的地方。◆Sarah's sitting next to the window(= right beside it). 萨拉坐在窗户旁边。In informal BrE nearest can be used instead of nearest to. 在非正式的英式英语中，nearest 可用以代替 nearest to：◆Who's sitting nearest the door? 谁坐在离门最近的地方？ 🔑 a short time away in the future 不久以后◆The conflict is unlikely to be resolved in the near future (= very soon). 冲突短期内不大可能解决。🔑 coming next after sb/sth 随后；接近◆She has a 12-point lead over her nearest rival. 她领先紧随其后的对手 12 分。🔑 (usually nearest) similar; most similar 近似；相似；不分伯仲◆He was the nearest thing to (= the person most like) a father she had ever had. 她接触过的人中，他最像个父亲。  ➡  see also o.n.o. 🔑 [only before noun] (no comparative or superlative 无比较级或最高级) close to being sb/sth 接近的；差不多的◆The election proved to be a near disaster for the party. 这次选举对该党来说几乎是一场灾难。◆a near impossibility 几乎不可能的事near / close The adjectives near and close are often the same in meaning, but in some phrases only one of them may be used. 形容词 near 和 close 通常含义相同，但在某些短语中只能用其中一个：◆the near future 不久的将来◆a near neighbour 近邻◆a near miss 差点儿命中◆a close contest 势均力敌的竞赛◆a close encounter 近距离接触◆a close call 侥幸脱险 Close is more often used to describe a relationship between people. * close 更常用于描述人与人之间的关系：◆a close friend 密友◆close family 关系亲密的家庭◆close links 紧密的联系You do not usually use near in this way. * near 通常不这样用。 🔑 ~ relative/relationused to describe a close family connection （亲属关系）近亲◆Only the nearest relatives were present at the funeral. 只有几位近亲参加了葬礼。▸ near·ness BrE /ˈnɪənəs/NAmE /ˈnɪrnəs/ noun [U] ◆the nearness of death 死亡的临近●your ˌnearest and ˈdearest(informal) your close family and friends 至亲；至爱；最亲密的亲友●a ˌnear ˈthinga situation in which you are successful, but which could also have ended badly 侥幸做成的事◆Phew! That was a near thing! It could have been a disaster. 哎呀！好险哪！差一点儿出事。◆We won in the end but it was a near thing. 我们最后赢了，但是险胜。●to the nearest…followed by a number when counting or measuring approximately 近似于；约等于◆We calculated the cost to the nearest 50 dollars. 我们计算费用时尽量凑成 50 美元的倍数。 🔑 nearBrE /nɪə(r)/NAmE /nɪr/ adverb (near·er, near·est) 🔑 at a short distance away 距离不远；在附近◆A bomb exploded somewhere near. 一颗炸弹在附近爆炸。◆She took a step nearer. 她走近一步。◆Visitors came from near and far. 游客来自四面八方。🔑 a short time away in the future 不久以后◆The exams are drawing near. 考试越来越近了。 (especially in compounds 尤用于构成复合词) almost 几乎；差不多◆a near-perfect performance 近乎完美的表演◆I'm as near certain as can be. 我几乎完全可以确定。●as near asas accurately as 准确到…的程度；大约◆There were about 3 000 people there, as near as I could judge. 据我判断，大约有 3 000 人在那里。●as ˌnear as ˈdamn it/ˈdammit(BrE, informal) used to say that an amount is so nearly correct that the difference does not matter （数量）相差无几，没什么分别◆It will cost £350, or as near as dammit. 这要花 350 英镑上下。●near eˈnough(BrE, informal) used to say that sth is so nearly true that the difference does not matter 确实；差不多◆We've been here twenty years, near enough. 我们在这里待了差不多二十年了。●not anywhere near/nowhere nearfar from; not at all 远非；绝不是◆The job doesn't pay anywhere near enough for me. 这份工作付给我的报酬远远不够。●so ˌnear and ˌyet so ˈfarused to comment on sth that was almost successful but in fact failed 功败垂成；功亏一篑●pretty ˈmuch/ˈwell(BrE also pretty ˈnearly) (NAmE also pretty ˈnear) (informal) almost; almost completely 几乎；差不多◆One dog looks pretty much like another to me. 在我看来，狗长得都差不多。 🔑 nearBrE /nɪə(r)/NAmE /nɪr/ preposition (also near to, near·er (to), near·est (to)) HELP Near to is not usually used before the name of a place, person, festival, etc. * near to 通常不用于地点、人物、节日等名称前。🔑 at a short distance away from sb/sth 在…附近；靠近◆Do you live near here? 你住在这附近吗？◆Go and sit nearer (to) the fire.坐得靠炉子近点儿。next / nearest (The) next means 'after this/that one' in time or in a series of events, places or people. * (the) next 指下一个时间、事情、地点或人：◆When is your next appointment? 你下一次预约时间是什么时候？◆Turn left at the next traffic lights. 在下一个红绿灯处向左拐。◆Who's next? 下一个是谁？(The) nearest means 'closest' in space. * (the) nearest 指空间上最近：◆Where's the nearest supermarket? 最近的超市在哪儿？ Notice the difference between the prepositions nearest to and next to. 注意介词 nearest to 和 next to 的区别：◆Janet's sitting nearest to the window(= of all the people in the room). 珍妮特坐在（屋里所有人中）离窗户最近的地方。◆Sarah's sitting next to the window(= right beside it). 萨拉坐在窗户旁边。In informal BrE nearest can be used instead of nearest to. 在非正式的英式英语中，nearest 可用以代替 nearest to：◆Who's sitting nearest the door? 谁坐在离门最近的地方？ 🔑 a short period of time from sth 接近；临近◆My birthday is very near Christmas. 我的生日离圣诞节很近。◆I'll think about it nearer (to) the time (= when it is just going to happen). 到时候我会考虑的。🔑 used before a number to mean 'approximately', 'just below or above' （用于数词前）大约，上下，接近◆Share prices are near their record high of last year. 股票价格接近去年的最高纪录。◆Profits fell from $11 million to nearer $8 million. 利润从 1 100 万美元下跌到大约 800 万美元。🔑 similar to sb/sth in quality, size, etc. （质量、大小等）相仿，接近◆Nobody else comes near her in intellect. 谁也赶不上她聪明。◆He's nearer 70 than 60. 他 60 多岁，快 70 岁了。◆This colour is nearest (to) the original.这种颜色最接近原色。🔑 ~ (doing) sthclose to a particular state 接近于（某种状态）；濒临；快要◆a state near (to) death 濒死状态◆She was near to tears (= almost crying). 她就要哭了。◆We came near to being killed. 我们差点丢了性命。●(close/near) at ˈhandclose to you in time or distance （在时间或距离上）接近◆Help was at hand. 援助近在咫尺。◆The property is ideally located with all local amenities close at hand. 这处房地产的位置很理想，离当地的生活设施都近。●close/dear/near to sb's ˈhearthaving a lot of importance and interest for sb 为某人所重视关心；为某人所爱●be close to/near the ˈmarkto be fairly accurate in a guess, statement, etc. （猜测、陈述等）接近准确，几乎无误 🔑 nearBrE /nɪə(r)/NAmE /nɪr/ verbpresent simple - I / you / we / they near BrE /nɪə(r)/ NAmE /nɪr/present simple - he / she / it nears BrE /nɪəz/ NAmE /nɪrz/past simple neared BrE /nɪəd/ NAmE /nɪrd/past participle neared BrE /nɪəd/ NAmE /nɪrd/ -ing form nearing BrE /ˈnɪərɪŋ/ NAmE /ˈnɪrɪŋ/ [T, I] ~ (sth) (rather formal) to come close to sth in time or space （时间或空间上）接近，靠近，临近 SYN approach ◆The project is nearing completion. 这项工程就要竣工了。◆She was nearing the end of her life. 她已经临近生命的尽头。◆We neared the top of the hill. 我们快到山顶了。◆As Christmas neared, the children became more and more excited. 快过圣诞节了，孩子们越来越兴奋。
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