Becoming ill 生病

• catch a cold/an infectious disease/the flu/ (BrE) flu/pneumonia/a virus/ (informal) a bug 染上感冒/传染病/流感/肺炎/病毒/小毛病
• get (BrE) ill/ (NAmE) sick/a disease/AIDS/breast cancer/a cold/the flu/ (BrE) flu/a migraine 患病/艾滋病/乳腺癌/感冒/流感/偏头痛
• come down with a cold/the flu/ (BrE) flu 得了感冒/流感
• contract a deadly disease/a serious illness/HIV/AIDS 感染致命疾病/严重疾病/艾滋病病毒/艾滋病
• be infected with a virus/a parasite/HIV 受病毒/寄生虫/艾滋病病毒感染
• develop cancer/diabetes/a rash/an ulcer/symptoms of hepatitis 患上癌症/糖尿病/皮疹/溃疡；出现肝炎症状
• have a heart attack/a stroke 心脏病/中风发作
• provoke/trigger/produce an allergic reaction 引起/产生过敏反应
• block/burst/rupture a blood vessel 使血管阻塞/破裂
• damage/sever a nerve/an artery/a tendon 损伤/切断神经/动脉/肌腱

Being ill 病了

• feel (BrE) ill/sick/nauseous/queasy 感到不适/想吐/恶心
• be running (BrE) a temperature/ (NAmE) a fever 发烧
• have a head cold/diabetes/heart disease/lung cancer/a headache/ (BrE) a high temperature/ (NAmE) a fever 患伤风感冒/糖尿病/心脏病/肺癌；头痛；发烧
• suffer from asthma/malnutrition/frequent headaches/bouts of depression/a mental disorder 患哮喘/营养不良症/经常性头痛/多发性抑郁症/精神错乱
• be laid up with/ (BrE) be in bed with a cold/the flu/ (BrE) flu/a migraine 因感冒/流感/偏头痛而卧床休息
• nurse a cold/a headache/a hangover 调治感冒/头痛/宿醉
• battle/fight cancer/depression/addiction/alcoholism 与癌症/抑郁症作斗争；戒瘾；戒酒

Treatments 治疗

• examine a patient 给病人做检查
• diagnose a condition/disease/disorder 诊断疾病
• be diagnosed with cancer/diabetes/schizophrenia 诊断为癌症/糖尿病/精神分裂症
• prescribe/be given/be on/take drugs/medicine/medication/pills/painkillers/antibiotics 开/得到/服用药/药片/止痛药/抗生素
• treat sb for cancer/depression/shock 治疗某人的癌症/抑郁症/休克
• have/undergo an examination/an operation/surgery/a kidney transplant/therapy/chemotherapy/treatment for cancer 接受检查/手术/外科手术/肾移植手术/治疗/化疗/癌症治疗
• have/be given an injection/ (BrE) a flu jab/ (NAmE) a flu shot/a blood transfusion/a scan/an X-ray 打针；接种流感疫苗；接受输血；做扫描检查；照 X 光
• cure a disease/an ailment/cancer/a headache/a patient 治疗疾病/病痛/癌症/头痛/病人
• prevent the spread of disease/further outbreaks/damage to the lungs 防止疾病扩散/疾病进一步爆发/对肺部造成伤害
• be vaccinated against the flu/ (BrE) flu/the measles/ (BrE) measles/polio/smallpox 接种流感/麻疹/小儿麻痹症/天花疫苗
• enhance/boost/confer/build immunity to a disease 增加对疾病的免疫力