| 释义 |
pref 前缀 用法:
1 (with vs and adjs ending in -ed 与动词和以-ed结尾的形容词结合) all around; all over 全面; 到处:
besmear *
bedeck *
bejewelled. 用法:
2 (with ns and adjs forming transitive vs 与名词和形容词结合, 构成及物动词) make or treat as 使; 视为:
befriend *
belittle. 用法:
3 (with intransitive vs forming transitive vs 与不及物动词结合, 构成及物动词):
bemoan *
bewail.
be 1
[/bɪ; bɪ; strong form 强读式 biː; bi/] v =>Usage at be2 用法见be2. 用法:
1 (used after there and before a/an, no, some, etc+ n 用於there之後及a/an、no、some等+名词之前) (a) exist; occur; live 有; 存在; 生存:
Is there a God? 有上帝吗? *
For there to be life there must be air and water. 一定要有空气和水才有生命. *
There are no easy answers. 现成的答案是没有的. *
There are many such people. 这样的人多的是. *
Once upon a time there was a princess. 从前有一个公主. *
There have been cows in that field since my grandfather's time. 从我祖父那时候起, 那片地上就养著牛.
(b) be present; stand 在; 在场:
There's a bus-stop down the road 路的前方有一个公共汽车站. (Cf 参看 The bus-stop is down the road.) There were no books on the shelf. 书架上没有书. *
There are some good photographs in this exhibition. 这一展览会上有些好照片. 用法:
2 (with an adv or a prepositional phrase indicating position in space or time 与表示地点或时间的副词或介词短语连用) (a) be situated 位於; 处於:
The lamp is on the table. 灯在桌子上. *
The stable is a mile away. 马房距此一英里远. *
Mary's upstairs. 玛丽在楼上. *
John's out in the garden. 约翰在外面花园里. *
They are on holiday in the Lake District. 他们在英格兰湖区度假.
(b) happen; occur; take place 发生; 产生; 举行:
The party is after work. 聚会在下班後举行. *
The election was on Monday. 选举是在星期一进行的. *
The concert will be in the school hall. 音乐会将在学校的礼堂内举行. *
The meetings are on Tuesdays and Thursdays in the main hall. 会议在星期二和星期四於大礼堂举行.
(C) remain 停留; 逗留; 待:
She has been in her room for hours. 她在自己的房间里待了几个小时. *
They're here till Christmas. 他们在这里要一直逗留到圣诞节.
(d) attend; be present 出席; 到场:
Were you at church yesterday? 昨天你去过教堂吗? *
I'll be at the party. 我参加这个聚会. 用法:
3 (with an adv or a prepositional phrase indicating direction, a starting point, etc 与副词或介词短语连用表示方向、起点等) leave; arrive 离开; 到达:
I'll be on my way very soon. 我很快就要上路. *
She's from Italy, ie Her native country is Italy. 她是意大利人（她? be 2
[/bɪ; bɪ; strong form 强读式 biː; bi/] aux v =>Usage 见所附用法 用法:
1 (used with a past participle to form the passive 与过去分词连用构成被动语态):
He was killed in the war. 他阵亡了. *
Where were they made? 这些东西是在哪里制造的? *
The thief was caught. 窃贼被捉住了. *
The house is/was being built. 那房屋正在[那时正在]建造. *
You will be severely punished if you do not obey. 你不服从, 就会受到严惩. 用法:
2 (used with present participles to form continuous tenses 与现在分词连用构成进行时态):
They are/were reading. 他们正在[那时正在]阅读. *
I am studying Chinese. 我正在学习汉语. *
I shall be seeing him soon. 我不久就会见到他了. *
What have you been doing this week? 你这星期以来在干什麽? *
I'm always being criticized. 我总是挨批. 用法:
3 (with to + infinitive 与to+不定式连用) (a) (expressing duty, necessity, etc 表示责任、需要等):
I am to (ie I have been told to) inform you that... 我有义务（我受人之托）通知你... *
You are to report (ie must, should report) to the police. 你应该报警.
(b) (expressing arrangement, intention or purpose 表示安排、意向或目的):
They are to be married, ie will be married. 他们打算结婚. *
Each participant was to pay his own expenses. 每个参加者都必须自费. *
The telegram was to say that she'd be late. 电报说她可能晚到.
(C) (expressing possibility 表示可能性):
The book was not to be (ie could not be) found. 那本书找不到了.
(d) (expressing destiny 表示注定):
He was never to see his wife again, ie Although he did not know it at the time, he did not see her again. 他从那以後就再也见不到他的妻子了. *
The celebrations were not to be, ie They did not, in fact, take place. 庆祝活动结果未能举行.
(e) (only in the form were, expressing supposition 仅用were这一形式, 表示假设):
If I were to tell you/Were I to tell you that I killed him, would you believe me? 假如我对你说是我杀死了他, 你相信吗? *
If it were to rain, we would have to cancel the match tomorrow. 假如下雨, 我们只好取消明天的比赛. be 3
NOTE ON USAGE 用法:
Be is used as a main verb (be1) and as an auxiliary verb (be2). *be可用作主要动词 (be1), (be2). The various written and spoken forms are the same for both verbs 两者的各种书面语和口语形式均相同:
am (pres t with I)[/əm, m;m/], strong form[/m; æm/]; written contraction I'm[/aɪm; aɪm/]; negative question aren't I?[/ˈɑːntaɪ; US ˈɑːrəntaɪ; ɑrnt aɪ/]. *am （现在时态与 I[/əm, m; m/], 强读式/m; Am/; 书写缩约式 I'm[/aɪm; aɪm/]; 否定疑问式 aren't I?[/ˈɑːntaɪ; 美式 ˈɑːrəntaɪ; ɑrnt aɪ/]. *is (pres t with he, she, it)[/s, z; s, z/], strong form[/ɪz; ɪz/]; written contractions it's[/ɪts; ɪts/], Jack's[/dʒks; dʒæks/], he's/hi:z, hIz; hIz/, she's[/ʃiːz, ʃɪz; ʃɪz/], the cow's[/ðə kauz; ðəˋkaʊz/]; negative isn't[/ˈɪznt; ˋɪznt/]. *is（现在时态与hesheit连用）/s, z; s, z/, 强读式[/ɪz; ɪz/]; 书写缩约式it's[/ɪts; ɪts/], Jack's[/dʒks; dʒæks/], he's[/hiːz, hɪz; hɪz/],she's[/ʃiːz, ʃɪz; ʃɪz/], the cow's[/ðə kauz; ðə ˋkaʊz/]; 否定式 isn't[/ˈɪznt; ˋɪznt/]. *are (pres t with you, we, they)/E(r); L[/, strong form/] B:(r); Br/; written contractions we're[/wɪə(r); wɪr/], you're[/juə(r), jɔː(r); jʊr/], they're/TeE(r); Ter/; negative aren't[/ɑːnt; US ˈɑːrənt; ɑrnt/]. *are（现在时态与youwethey连用）/E(r); L[/, 强读式/] B:(r); Br/; 书写缩约式 we're[/wɪə(r); wɪr/], you're/jUE(r), jR:(r); jJr/, they're[/ðeə(r); ðer/]; 否定式 aren't[/ɑːnt; 美式 ˈɑːrənt; ɑrnt/]. *was (pt with I, he, she, it)/wEz; wEz/, strong form[/wɔz; US wʌz; wʌz/]; negative wasn't[/ˈwɔznt; US ˈwʌznt; ˋwʌznt/]. *was （过去时态与Ihesheit连用）/wEz; wEz/, 强读式[/wɔz; 美式 wʌz; wʌz/]; 否定式 wasn't[/ˈwɔznt; 美式 ˈwʌznt; ˋwʌznt/].*were (pt with you, we, they)[/wə(r); wɚ/], strong form/w\\:(r); w[/; negative weren't[/wɜːnt; US ˈwɜːrənt; wənt/].*were （过去时态与 you we they连用）/wE(r); wL/, 强读式[/wɜː(r); wə/]; 否定式 weren't[/wɜːnt; 美式ˈwɜːrənt; wənt/]. *being (pres p)[/ˈbiːɪŋ; ˋbiɪŋ/]. *being[/ˈbiːɪŋ; ˋbiɪŋ/]. *been (pp)[/biːn; US also bɪn; bɪn/]. *been（过去分词）/bi:n; 美式 bIn; bIn/. |