| pref 前缀 用法:
1 (with adjs, advs and ns 与形容词、 副词和名词结合) not 不; 非:
unable *
unconsciously *
untruth.2 (a) (with vs forming vs 与动词结合构成动词) reverse or opposite of 相反; 对立:
unlock *
undo.
(b) (withns forming vs 与名词结合构成动词) remove from or deprive of 移走; 免去:
unearth *
unmask *
unhorse. un- 2
NOTE ON USAGE 用法:
Compare the negative prefixes non-, un-, dis- and a-. 试比较含否定意义的前缀n on-、un-、 dis-、 a-. 用法:
1 Non- and un- are the most freelyadded prefixes. *non-和un-在使用上最为自由. Non-is used with nouns, adjectives and adverbs and indicates an absence of something *non-附加在名词、 形容词、 副词前, 表示没有或不存在某事物:
a non-drinker 不喝酒的人 *
a non-stick pan 不粘底的锅 *
speaking non-stop说个不停. Un- is added to adjectives and indicates the opposite quality from the simple word *un-附加在形容词前, 表示与原词相反的意义:
unexpected = `surprising'（没有料到的） *
unwise = `foolish' （愚蠢的）. Compare non-British (`of a nationality which is not British') andun-British (`being disloyal to Britain'). 试比较non-British（非英国籍的）和un-British（不忠於英国的）. 用法:
2 In- is used with fewer words than un-, also to form opposites. *in-也用以构成反义词, 但能与之结合的词较un-少些. There are variant spellings 这一前缀有几种拼写形式:
il- before l (illogical); im- before b, m, p (imbalance, immaterial, impossible) and ir- before r (irresponsible).*il-用於l之前（illogical）; im-用於b、 m、 p之前（imbalance、 immaterial、 impossible）; ir-用於r之前（irresponsible）. 用法:
3 Dis- is also used with verbs, adjectives and nouns to form opposites *dis-亦用於动词、 形容词、 名词之前, 构成反义词:
dislike 不喜欢 *
disobedient 不服从的 *
distrust 不信任. 用法:
4 A- is mostly used in formal or technical words to indicate `lacking in' or `lack of' *a-主要用在较文的词或科技词之前, 表示｀缺乏＇或｀无＇:
amorphous (`lacking in shape') 无定形的 *
anarchy (`lack of rule') 无政府状态. 用法:
5 It is not possible to predict whether un-, in- or dis- is used with a particular word and the correct form must be noted and learned 一个词的前缀究竟是用un-、 in-还是dis-是没有固定规律可循的, 只好留心逐一记住.
UN
[/ˏjuː ˈen; ˏju ˋɛn/] abbr 缩写 = United Nations 联合国:
the UN Secretary General 联合国秘书长.
un
[/ən; ən/] pron (infml) one 人; 事物:
That's a good 'un! eg a good photograph, joke, excuse. 那个可真好! （如照片、 玩笑、 藉口等） *
He went fishing and caught a big 'un. 他去钓鱼, 钓到一条大的. |