单词 | do not have(have not) |
释义 | have , do not ~:~ not — 472 1a. 在动词 have 要不要借助 do 这个助动词来构成否定和疑问两种结构这一问题上,如下两点值得注意:第一,如果指明的是某一次或个别某一个,可以不用 do 来构成;第二,如果指明的是一般的或经常发生的事情,或者是指整个属类,以及由 have 构成的短语动词,则需要借助 do 来构成(注:美国英语则往往都用 do 来构成否定和疑问两种结构)。 比较: Have you indigestion? 你患有消化不良症吗?(是问当时的情况) DO you have indigestion? 你患过消化不良的病吗?(是问向来的情况) These people do not have half a whiff of Marxism about them. 这些人连半点马克思主义的味道都没有。(是指个别几个人) A counter-revolutionary conspirator has not half a whiff of Marxism about him. 一个反革命阴谋家连半点马克思主义的味道也没有。(是指一般这样的人) 1b. 当然,用作其它解释, have 这个动词就得借助 do 这个助动词来构成否定和疑问两种结构。 例如: What time do you have breakfast? 你们什么时候吃早饭?( have 作“吃喝”讲) Did you have any difficulties in your work? 你在工作中遇到什么困难了吗?( have 作“经受”讲) I am afraid you don't often have letter from your brother? 恐怕你不常收到你兄弟的信吧?( have 作“收到”讲) Too often do you have English lessons every week? 每星期你是不是要上很多节英语课?( have 作“上课”讲) Does your cat have kitties? 你的猫生了一窝小猫了吗?( have 作“出生”讲) 比较: Mr Green called at the office this morning, but I didn't have time to see him. 格林先生今天早晨到办公室来找我,我可没有时间接见他。(指平常时间) Mr Green called at the office this morning, but I hadn't time to see him. 格林先生今天早晨到办公室来找过我,我没有时间接见他。(指当时时间) We didn't have anything to eat. 我们没有吃过任何东西。 we hadn't anythillg to eat. 我们一点儿可吃的东西也没有。 |
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