These are all words for the surface that you walk on. 以上各词均指地面。

• floor the surface of a room that you walk on 指室内地板、地面：◆She was sitting on the floor watching TV. 她坐在地板上看电视。
• ground (often the ground) the solid surface of the earth that you walk on （常作 the ground）指室外地、地面：◆I found her lying on the ground. 我发现她躺在地上。◆The rocket crashed a few seconds after it left the ground. 火箭离开地面几秒钟便坠毁了。
• land the surface of the earth that is not sea 指陆地、大地：◆It was good to be back on dry land again. 回到陆地上真好。◆They fought both at sea and on land. 他们在海上和陆上都打过仗。
• earth (often the earth) the solid surface of the world that is made of rock, soil, sand, etc. （常作 the earth）指大地、陆地、地面：◆You could feel the earth shake as the truck came closer. 卡车开近时可感觉到地面在震动。

ground, land or earth? 用 ground、land 还是 earth？

• Ground is the normal word for the solid surface that you walk on when you are not in a building or vehicle. You can use earth if you want to draw attention to the rock, soil etc. that the ground is made of. Land is only used when you want to contrast it with the sea. * ground 常指建筑物或车辆外的地面。如果关注的是构成大地的岩石、土壤等可用 earth。land 只在与海相对照时使用：◆the land beneath our feet◆feel the land shake◆sight ground/earth◆travel by ground/earth

Patterns

• on/under the floor/ground/earth
• bare floor/ground/earth
• to drop/fall to the floor/the ground/(the) earth
• to reach the floor/the ground/land

These words all mean an area of land that is used for a particular purpose. 以上各词均指作特定用途的土地。

• land an area of ground, especially one that is used for a particular purpose 尤指作特定用途的土地、地带：◆agricultural land 农业用地
• lot (NAmE) a piece of land that is used or intended for a particular purpose 指作某种用途的一块地、场地：◆building lots 建筑用地◆a parking lot 停车场
• ground an area of land that is used for a particular purpose 指作特定用途的场地：◆The kids were playing on waste ground near the school. 孩子们在学校附近的荒地玩耍。◆the site of an ancient burial ground 古代墓地遗址

land, lot or ground? 用 land、lot 还是 ground？

Land is used for large areas of open land in the country, especially when it is used for farming. A lot is often a smaller piece of land in a town or city, especially one intended for building or parking on. Ground is any area of open land; a ground is an area of land designed or used for a particular purpose or activity. * land 指乡间广阔的土地，尤指农业用地；lot 常指城镇或城市中的一小块地，尤指专用的建筑或停车场地；ground 作不可数名词指任何开阔地、空旷地，作可数名词指特定用途或活动的场地。

• space a large area of land that has no buildings on it 指无建筑物的大片空地、开阔地：◆The city has plenty of open space. 这座城市有很多开阔的空地。◆the wide open spaces of the Canadian prairies 加拿大一片片广袤的草原
• plot a small piece of land used or intended for a particular purpose 指专用的小块土地：◆She bought a small plot of land to build a house. 她买了一小块地盖房子。◆a vegetable plot 一块菜圃

lot or plot? 用 lot 还是 plot？

• Either a lot or a plot can be used for building on. Only a plot can also be used for growing vegetables or burying people. * lot 和 plot 均可作建筑用地。plot 亦可作菜地或墓地。

Patterns

• an open space
• open/empty/vacant/waste/derelict land/ground
• a(n) empty/vacant lot/plot

These are all words for areas away from towns and cities, with fields, woods and farms. 以上各词均指远离城镇，有田野、树林和农场的地区。

• country (often the country) an area that is away from towns and cities, especially one with particular natural features （常作 the country）尤指具有自然特征的乡下、乡村：◆She lives in the country. 她住在乡下。◆an area of wooded country 树木覆盖的乡村地区
• landscape everything that you can see when you look across a large area of land, especially in the country 尤指乡村的风景或景色：◆This pattern of woods and fields is typical of the English landscape. 这种林地与田野的格局是典型的英格兰乡村景色。
• countryside land outside towns and cities, with fields, woods and farms 指乡村、农村 NOTE Countryside is usually used when you are talking about the beauty or peacefulness of a country area. * countryside 通常用于强调乡村地区的美丽或宁静：◆a little village in the French countryside 法国乡间的小村庄
• terrain (formal) land 指地带、土地 NOTE Terrain is used when you are describing the natural features of an area, for example if it is rough, flat, etc. * terrain 用于描述某地区的地形或地势：◆The truck bumped its way over the rough terrain. 卡车在崎岖不平的地面上颠簸行进。
• land (usually the land) the countryside; the way people live in the country as opposed to in towns and cities （通常作 the land）指与城镇相对的农村、农村生活方式：◆Many younger people are leaving the land to find work in the cities. 许多较年轻的人陆续离开农村到城市去找工作。
• scenery the natural features of an area, such as mountains, valleys, rivers and forests, especially when these are attractive to look at 指自然风景、景色、风光：◆We stopped on the mountain pass to admire the scenery. 我们在山口停下来欣赏风景。

Patterns

• mountainous/mountain/wild/rugged country/landscape/countryside/terrain/scenery
• beautiful/glorious/dramatic country/landscape/countryside/scenery
• open country/landscape/countryside/terrain/land
• rolling country/landscape/countryside
• to protect the landscape/countryside/land